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"Turtle画图"
]
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"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"id": "a371d13b",
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"source": [
"%matplotlib inline\n",
"import turtle as T"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "d60e8979",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## （1）画布\n",
"画布cancas是绘图区域，可以设置它的大小和初始位置
\n",
"turtle.screensize(1000,600,'red') 大小的设置
\n",
"turtle.setup(width=0.5,height=0.75) 初始位置"
]
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"id": "189a50e2",
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"source": [
"（2）画笔\n",
"\n",
"（1）画笔运动的命令\n",
"turtle.forward(a) 向当前画笔方向移动a像素长度\n",
"turtle.backward(a) 向当前画笔相反方向移动a像素长度\n",
"turtle.right(a) 顺时针移动\n",
"aturtle.left(a) 逆时针移动\n",
"aturtle.pendown() 移动时绘制图形\n",
"turtle.goto(x,y) 将画笔移动到坐标为x,y的位置\n",
"turtle.penup() 移动时不绘制图形，提起笔\n",
"turtle.speed(a) 画笔绘制的速度范围\n",
"turtle.circle() 画图，半径为正，表示圆心在画笔的左边画圈\n",
"（2）画笔控制命令\n",
"turtle.pensize(width) 绘制图形的宽度\n",
"turtle.pencolor() 画笔的颜色\n",
"turtle.fillcolor(a) 绘制图形的填充颜色\n",
"turtle.color(a1,a2) 同时设置pencolor=a1,fillcolor=a2\n",
"turtle.filling() 返回当前是否在填充状态\n",
"turtle.begin_fill() 准备开始填充图形\n",
"turtle.end_fill() 填充完成\n",
"turtle.hideturtle() 隐藏箭头显示\n",
"turtle.showturtle() 显示箭头\n",
"（3）全局控制命令\n",
"turtle.clear() 清空turtle窗口,但是turtle的位置和状态不会改变\n",
"turtle.reset() 清空窗口，重置turtle状态为起始位置\n",
"turtle.undo() 撤销上一个turtle动作"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"id": "f2900561",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"T.circle(50) # 整圆;"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"id": "941c2737",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": []
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"cell_type": "code",
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"id": "ec218895",
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"import sys #导入sys模块\n",
"import turtle #导入turtle模块\n",
"def koch(t, order, size):\n",
" if order == 0: #当n等于0时，绘制一条直线\n",
" t.forward(size)\n",
" else: #否则，递归绘制n阶科赫曲线\n",
" koch(t, order-1, size/3) #递归绘制一条阶数为n-1的科赫曲线，长度1/3\n",
" t.left(60.0) #向左旋转60度\n",
" koch(t, order-1, size/3) #递归绘制一条阶数为n-1的科赫曲线，长度1/3\n",
" t.right(120.0) #t.left(-120.0) #向右旋转120度（或者向左旋转-120度）\n",
" koch(t, order-1, size/3) #递归绘制一条阶数为n-1的科赫曲线，长度1/3\n",
" t.left(60.0) #向左旋转60度\n",
" koch(t, order-1, size/3) #递归绘制一条阶数为n-1的科赫曲线，长度1/3\n",
" \n",
"def main():\n",
" n = int(sys.argv[1]) #n阶科赫曲线\n",
" step = 300 #步长\n",
" p = turtle.Turtle() #创建海龟对象\n",
" koch(p, n, step) #绘制n阶科赫曲线\n",
"if __name__ == '__main__': \n",
" main()\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
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"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"id": "6d65f5f3",
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"source": [
"import turtle as T\n",
"import random\n",
"import time\n",
"\n",
"# 绘制樱花\n",
"def Tree(branch,t):\n",
" time.sleep(0.01)\n",
" if branch>3:\n",
" if 8<=branch<=12:\n",
" if random.randint(0,2)==0:\n",
" # 上色\n",
" t.color('snow')\n",
" else:\n",
" # 上色\n",
" t.color('lightcoral')\n",
" t.pensize(branch/3)\n",
" elif branch<8:\n",
" if random.randint(0,1)==0:\n",
" t.color('snow')\n",
" else:\n",
" t.color('lightcoral')\n",
" t.pensize(branch/2)\n",
" else:\n",
" t.color('sienna')\n",
" t.pensize(branch/2)\n",
" t.forward(branch)\n",
" a=1.5*random.random()\n",
" t.right(20*a)\n",
" b=1.5*random.random()\n",
" Tree(branch-10*b,t)\n",
" t.left(40*a)\n",
" Tree(branch-10*b,t)\n",
" t.right(20*a)\n",
" t.up()\n",
" t.backward(branch)\n",
" t.down()\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"# 绘制花瓣\n",
"def Petal(m,t):\n",
" for i in range(m):\n",
" a=200-400*random.random()\n",
" b=10-20*random.random()\n",
" t.up()\n",
" t.forward(b)\n",
" t.left(90)\n",
" t.forward(a)\n",
" t.down()\n",
" t.color('lightcoral')\n",
" t.circle(1)\n",
" t.up()\n",
" t.backward(a)\n",
" t.right(90)\n",
" t.backward(b)\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"t=T.Turtle()\n",
"w=T.Screen()\n",
"t.hideturtle() # 隐藏turtle\n",
"t.getscreen().tracer(5,0)\n",
"w.screensize(bg='wheat')\n",
"t.left(90)\n",
"t.up()\n",
"t.backward(150)\n",
"t.down()\n",
"t.color('sienna')\n",
"\n",
"Tree(60,t)\n",
"Petal(200,t)\n",
"w.exitonclick()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"id": "97eeae8a",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"import turtle\n",
"import time\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"turtle.pensize(5)\n",
"turtle.pencolor(\"yellow\")\n",
"turtle.fillcolor(\"red\")\n",
" \n",
"turtle.begin_fill()\n",
"\n",
"for _ in range(5):\n",
" turtle.forward(200)\n",
" turtle.right(144)\n",
"turtle.end_fill()\n",
"time.sleep(2)\n",
"\n",
"turtle.penup()\n",
"turtle.goto(-150,-120)\n",
"turtle.color(\"violet\")\n",
"turtle.write(\"Done\", font=('Arial', 40, 'normal'))\n",
"time.sleep(1)"
]
},
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"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"id": "369f58ef",
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